Active and Passive Voice

·     Active voice is the subject of the sentence in which it does the job.

·     Passive voice is the object of the sentence in which it goal of the action functions and the main verb phrase includes the verb to be and the past participles.

·     Differences of the active and passive voice in English and Indonesian :

*     In English, the sentence has tenses.

*     In Indonesian, the sentence has not tenses.

·     Transitive verb is followed by the object (noun or pronoun) in a sentence.

·     Intransitive verb that is not followed by the object.

·     Differences of the active and passive voice :

Active	Passive
*     The subject is beginning of the sentence and the object is ending of the sentence. *     V1,V2,V3 can be found. *     Can contain only 1 word.	*     The object is beginning of the sentence and the subject is ending of the sentence. *     Always use V3. *     Must contain by 2 word.

·     The pattern of the active and passive voice  :

Tenses	Active	Passive
Present Simple Past Simple Present Continuous Past Continuous Present Perfect Past Perfect Modals	S + V1 + O S + V2 + O S + is/am/are + V-ing + O S + was/were + V-ing + O S + has/have + V3 + O S + had + V3 + O S + modals + V1 + O	is/am/are + V3 was/were + V3 is/am/are + be-ing + V3 was/were + be-ing + V3 has/have + been + V3 had + been + V3 modals + be + V3

·     Example :

Tenses	Active	Passive
Present Simple	Tina write the letter	The letter is written by Tina
Past Simple	Tina wrote the letter	The letter was written by Tina
Present Continuous	Tina is writting the letter	The letter is being written by Tina
Past Continuous	Tina was writting the letter	The letter was being written by Tina
Present Perfect	Tina has written the letter	The letter has been written by Tina
Past Perfect	Tina had written the letter	The letter had been written by Tina
Modals	Tina must do the assignment	The assignment must be done by Tina